JSS 2 FIRST TERM WEEK NINE 2023 LESSON NOTE

 

JSS 2

TOPIC: NUMBER BASE

Objective:

At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:

1.       Define number base system

2.       List different number system

3. Perform conversion of numbers from one base to another

Introduction

Number based system is the character representations in computer. Its translator converts instructions passed into the computer to machine-readable language, which is in the form of 0s and 1s. these are called binary digits because it is binary number system (base 2) that has such digits only in its counting system. The word bit is formed from binary digits. In most cases 0 represents OFF and 1 represents ON.

 

Number base System

There are different number systems depending on the one being used at any particular time and place. E.g.

Base 10 is called Decimal Number System.

Base 2 is called Binary Number System.

Base 2 is called Octal Number System.

Base 16 is called Hexadecimal System.

The number system and their digits are expressed below

Bases

Name

Digits

NO. of digits

2

Binary

0,1

2

8

Octal

0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7

8

10

Decimal

0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

10

12

Duo-decimal

0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B

12

16

Hexadecimal

0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F

16

 

Conversion of Numbers from one base to another.

a.      Decimal to others:  to convert from base 10 to any number system, the given number is divided by the base number being converted to until it is no longer divisible. E.g.

8

345

8

43     r     1

8

5       r      3

 

0       r      5

Convert 345 to base 2 and base 8      

2

345

2

172     r     1

2

86       r      0

2

43       r      0

2

21       r      1

2

10       r      1

2

5         r       0

2

2         r       1

2

1         r        0

 

0         r        1

 

 

 

                                                                                             Therefore 34510 = 5318


Therefore 34510  = 1010110012




Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

JSS 2 WEEK TWO LESSON NOTE_FIRST TERM 2023

Image
  Jss2 TOPIC: CLASSIFICATION OF COMPUTER BY GENERATION OBJECTIVE At the end of this topic you should be able to:  1. List the criteria for classifying computers.          I.                   2. State the features of computers classified based on technological age. Introduction Computers can be classified into different categories based on different criteria. Basically, computers can be classified based on the following criteria: 1.      Size. 2.      Types 3.      Generation 4.      Purpose or versatility Based on the technological Age of the computer, computers can be classified into: ·         First generation ·         Second generation ·         Th...
Read more

SSS TWO WEEK TWO LESSON NOTE (ICT_223)

Image
  Ss2 TOPIC:   HANDLING COMPUTER FILES Introduction File operation deals with the physical movement of data in and out of files. User programs effectively use file operations through appropriate programming language syntax. The file management system manages the independent files and acts as the software interfaces between the user programs and file operations. Basic Operations of Computer Files 1.     Insertion: records must be inserted at the place dictated by the sequence of the keys. As   obvious, direct insertion into the main data file would   lead to frequent rebuilding of the file. This problem could be mitigated by reserving overflow areas in the file for insertions. But this leads to wastage of space and also the overflow areas may also be filled. 2.     Deletion: deletion is the reverse of insertion. The space occupied by the record should be free for use. 3.     Updating: updating is a combinat...
Read more

JSS ONE WEEK THREE LESSON NOTE (ICT_223)

Image
  Jss1 TOPIC:   MASTERY OF THE KEYBOARD Introduction A computer keyboard is the most commonly used input device. It is defined as the set of typewriter-like keys that enables you to enter data into a computer or other devices. Computer keyboard are similar to electric-typewriters but contain additional typing keys. The standard arrangement of alphabetic keys on the keyboard is known as the QWERTY. The computer keyboard could be wired or wireless. Types of keyboard There are different types of keyboard depending on what they are used for. Some have more keys than the others. Keyboards also come in different shapes but basically a keyboard has regular shape. The types of keyboards are: a)      Enhanced keyboard b)     Standard keyboard   c)      Windows keyboard d)     AT keyboard   Sections of the Keyboard The keyboard is divided into the following sections: ...
Read more