JSS ONE WEEK NINE LESSON NOTE (ICT_223)

 

JSS 1

TOPIC: SYSTEM UNIT

Introduction

The system unit is the computer hardware that is regarded as the most important section of the computer system. This section contains data processing sections, internally called Central Processing Unit (CPU).

 

Description of the System Unit

The system unit is the case that contains all the electronic components of any computer system. These components inside the system unit are what process the data and really makes the computer work. The system unit can be viewed from different point of view just like the human brain; some parts can be seen while some cannot be seen until it has been   opened, some parts can be viewed from the front while others from the back.

 

1.      Front view: the front view system unit contains some button and their functions as:

a)      Power switch: is used to turn the system unit ON and OFF, represented as I and O.

b)      Reset button: is used to restart the computer without turning it off completely.

c)      Turbo button: is used to alternate between two speeds of the computer.

d)      Power light: comes on when the power switch is on.

 

2.      Back view: looking at the back view of the system unit the following components can be observed.

a)      Fan: helps to cool the inside of the system unit.

b)      Parallel connector: enables one to attach a parallel device such as a printer to the computer.

c)      Mouse connector: the mouse is connected to the system through this connector

d)      Keyboard connector: the keyboard communicates with the system unit through connector.

e)      USB port:  this port accepts any peripheral that is configured to its specification as input, output or storage device.

 

3.      Inner/ interior view: many components that are not visible are housed inside the system unit case and here are a few of such components:

a)      Motherboard: this is the computer’s main circuit board. It is the largest board in the system unit to which other smaller boards or units are plugged.

b)      Central Processing Unit: this is also called micro-processes or. It is mounted on the motherboard. It determines the speed and capacity of the computer.

c)      Memory chips: they are made of tiny electronic circuits built in special form. They are designed to hold programs being currently worked on or in execution.

d)      Hard Disk Drive: it is a storage medium, which stores unprocessed data and processed data(information) for the computer.

e)      Random Access Memory (RAM):is the temporary workspace of the computer. When the computer is turned off all the data is erased and for this reason it is said to be volatile.

f)       Read Only Memory (ROM): is a permanent memory that contains program and instructions that the computer accesses to manage the flow of information through the computer. The content cannot be lost when the system is switched off. Therefor it said to ne non-volatile.  




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