SSS ONE WEEK TWO LESSON NOTE (ICT_223)

 

Ss1

TOPIC:  COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

Introduction

ICT (information communication technology) is an umbrella term that includes any communication device or application, encompassing; radio, television, cellular phones, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems and so on, as well as the various services and applications associated with them such as video conferencing and distance learning.

Concept of ICT

Information technology means the processing and distribution of data using computer hardware and software, telecommunications, and digital electronics. So, ICT is concerned with the storage, retrieval, manipulation, transmission or receipt of digital data.

ICT Components

1.    Computers

2.    Communication networks

3.    Know-how

Computers: is an electronic device that can be instructed to accept, process, store and present data and information. It is made up of two component parts; hardware and software (i.e. physical machine and set of instructions)

Communication networks: can be defined as the set of locations or nodes, consisting of hardware, programs and information linked together as a system that transmits and receives data and information

Know-how: is the capability to do something well. It is the technology used for the transmission.

Functions of Information Technology

1.    Capture: this is the process of compiling detailed records of activities.

2.    Verifying: is the process for checking or validating data to ensure they were captured and recorded correctly.

3.    Processing/manipulation: the process of converting, analyzing, computing and synthesizing all forms of data and information.

4.    Classifying: this entails placing data elements into specific categories, such as size, type, customers etc.

5.    Arranging(sorting): this is placing data elements in a specific or predefined sequence.

6.    Calculating: this is the arithmetic and or logical manipulation of data e.g. computations to derive employee’s pay. Customer’s bill etc.

7.    Summarizing: reducing data in a logical sense.

8.    Storage: this entails placing data onto some storage media such as magnetic disk, etc. where it can be retrieved when needed.

9.    Retrieval: this entails searching out and gaining access to specific data elements from storage for further processing or transmission to another user.



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