SS 1 WEEK THREE FIRST TERM 2023 LESSON NOTE

 

Ss1

TOPIC: COMPUTER EVOLUTION II

OBJECTIVE

At the end of this topic you should be able to:

1. Write the features and components of pascals mechanical calculator, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibnitz, Jacquard’s loom, analytical engine 

Introduction

A further look into the invention of the Pre-computing age to the 19th century. The following are other inventions:

 

PASCAL’S MECHANICAL CALCULATOR

The son of a tax commissioner, Blaise Pascal at the age of 18 years, invented a numerical wheel calculator to help his father with his duties. The large computation done by Blaise while helping his father in adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing lead to the innovation of his calculator. This machine used wheels with pins placed around its perimeter, in such a way that each wheel affected the rotation of the wheel immediately next to it on the left.

 

GOTTFRIED WHILHEM VON LIEBNITZ

A German mathematician and philosopher, Gottfried Wilhelm improved upon the Pascaline by creating a machine that multiplied using a system of gears and dials. Leibnitz’s mechanical multiplier offered an elongated version of simple flat gear. The centerpiece of the machine was its stepped- drum gear.

 

JACQUARD’S LOOM

Joseph Marie Jacquard was born in 1752- a hundred years after the death of Pascal. He worked in a cloth mill and used the knowledge he acquired to develop the device known as the jacquard attachment to the loom, although he was not the original inventor of the loom. The jacquard’s machine was able to produce different patterns through the use of stored programs on the produced card as a means of controlling information.

 

ANALYTICAL ENGINE

10 years after the difference engine, he invented the analytical engine consisting of 5000,000 components. Charles Babbage’s analytical engine clearly expressed two of the fundamental ideas of todays’ digital computer. They are:

1.     The use of previous set of instructions for the machine (which are today called programs)

2.     A place that stores intermediate as well as final results (which today is called the computer memory)

 


 
  Assessment 
Give a detailed working operation of the Analytical Engine.


 

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